Discuss Ambedkar's ideas on 'annihilation of caste'. (UPSC CSE Mains 2018 - Political Science and International Relations, Paper 1)
Dr. B. R. Ambedkar’s concept of “Annihilation of Caste” refers to the complete eradication of the caste system in India. Ambedkar, a social reformer, jurist, and the chief architect of the Indian Constitution, was a strong advocate for the rights of the oppressed and marginalized communities, particularly the Dalits (formerly known as “untouchables”).
In his famous speech and later published essay titled “Annihilation of Caste,” Ambedkar criticized the caste system as a social evil that perpetuated inequality, discrimination, and social divisions. He argued that the caste system was deeply rooted in Hindu religious texts and practices, and that it was essential to break away from these traditional beliefs in order to create a more egalitarian society.
Ambedkar believed that the annihilation of caste could be achieved through various means, including:
- Inter-caste marriages: Encouraging marriages between people from different castes to break down social barriers and promote social integration.
- Education and social awareness: Educating people about the evils of the caste system and raising awareness about the need for social reform.
- Legal and constitutional measures: Implementing laws and policies that prohibit caste-based discrimination and promote social justice.
- Religious and cultural reforms: Challenging and reforming religious texts, practices, and beliefs that perpetuate the caste system.
By advocating for the annihilation of caste, Ambedkar sought to create a society where individuals would be treated with dignity and respect, regardless of their caste, and where social and economic opportunities would be available to all.
Dr. Ambedkar argues that caste has no scientific basis. He insists that it is essential to entirely annihilate caste in order to unite India, and that inter-caste marriage and inter-caste dining are not enough. He says that it is necessary “to destroy the religious notions upon which caste is founded.
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