How is code of ethics different from code of conduct?. Illustrate with examples. (10 Marks)
A code of ethics is broader, providing a set of principles that affect employee mindset and decision-making.
A code of conduct offers principles defining the ethics of a business, but it also contains specific rules for employee actions and behavior.
Codes of Ethics (CoE) and Codes of Conduct (CoC) are important guidelines in any organisation - public or private. While they share many similarities, there is a clear difference between the two:
- CoE guides decision-making while CoC regulates employees behavior.
- CoE lays out broader guidelines that are in accordance with the mission and vision of an organisation while CoC lays out acceptable behavior and conduct in the workplace.
- CoE is less specific than CoC.
- CoE enlists values and principles while CoC enlists behaviors.
- A violation of CoE may or may not attract punitive action, while a violation of CoC almost always involves a punitive action. Ex: A CoE can have guidelines urging employees to preserve environment, promote fraternity in the workplace, keep honesty in high regard, etc. A CoC can have guidelines such as no personal use of company property, punctuality in the workplace, etc.
- A CoE seeks long-term aims for an organisation, while a CoC seeks to enforce daily habits of employees.
A clearly laid out CoE and CoC along with a Citizens Charter form an integral part of an organization''s work environment and leads to higher productivity and employee satisfaction.
Implementation of Code of Ethics and Code of Conduct in the Public Sector:
- To be effective, codes of ethics and codes of conduct must be communicated clearly and consistently to public officials at all levels of government.
- Examples of effective implementation include training programs under Karmyogi mission, regular reviews and updates of the codes, 360 degree performance appraisal of civil servants etc.
- In addition, codes of ethics and codes of conduct should be integrated into broader systems of accountability and transparency, such as public reporting on ethical violations and independent oversight by bodies such as ombudsmen and audit committees.
In India, while there is no prescribed code of ethics for civil servants, there are conduct rules that contain specific activities deemed undesirable for government servants. Therefore, there is a need to lay down more generic norms as recommended by Hota committee and 2nd ARC.
By adhering to codes of ethics and codes of conduct, civil servants can promote integrity, impartiality, and commitment to public service, which are essential for maintaining the trust and confidence of the public in the government.
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